"Responders indicated that the clinical librarian provided information that contributed to decisions about therapy in 51.2% of the questions."
Veenstra, Robert; Gluck, E. A clinical librarian program in the intensive care unit. Critical Care Medicine 1992 July 20: 1040.

"The cost of training and the time required to develop and maintain up-to-date information retrieval skills are considerable, and physicians' time and hospital resources may be better applied."
Veenstra, Robert; Gluck, E. A clinical librarian program in the intensive care unit. Critical Care Medicine 1992 July 20: 1041.

"Searching looks simple. It is not. It is a cerebral exercise which over time and with practice appears deceptively easy."
Conway, S.; Messerle, J. Searching MEDLINE: Finding needles in the medical haystack. Group Practice Journal 1990 May-June; 39(3):32..

"The librarian searches were better."
McKibbon, K. A., et al. How good are clinical MEDLINE searches? A comparative study of clinical end-user and librarian searches. Computers & Biomedical Research 1990 December; 23(6):587.

"There were differences, however, in the number of attempts each group took to find citations to address the search question with the novices highest and the librarians lowest."
McKibbon, K. A., et al. How good are clinical MEDLINE searches? A comparative study of clinical end-user and librarian searches. Computers & Biomedical Research 1990 December; 23(6):591.

"The ruling actually states the standard of care requires that, when faced with a direct question by a patient, the physician must research the question and base his or her judgment for treatment on this research."
"Since attorneys search the medical literature and expert witnesses do likewise, it would behoove attending physicians, when they are asked a specific question by a patient, to research the literature in order to update and document their medical knowledge and provide the patient with an adequate answer."
Pemberton, S. Informed consent in an information society. Gratefully Yours from the National Library of Medicine 1992 March/April: 3.

"Ideally, searches for published articles to solve clinical problems should lead to the best evidence on a given topic quickly and at reasonable expense."
Haynes, R. B., et al. How to keep up with the medical literature: IV. Using the literature to solve clinical problems. Annals of Internal Medicine 1986; 105:636.

"The hospital library is not needed simply to increase the physician's exposure to more information in the decision making process but to direct him or her to more specific information. It is precisely the need for more specific information that makes libraries, indexes and especially librarians more relevant."
Garfield, E. The impact of health information delivery on the quality of patient care: whither medical information science? Health Libraries Review 1985; 2:160.

"The point is that anytime an unnecessary test is avoided, or a more relevant one applied, the patient, the hospital, the physician and even the insurance companies benefit from lower costs."
Garfield, E. The impact of health information delivery on the quality of patient care: whither medical information science? Health Libraries Review 1985; 2:161.

"The total actual cost of a search. . . is considerably less than the current cost of a single chest x-ray film or one set of electrolyte studies. . . efficiency, here defined as a ratio of effectiveness to costs, may be at least as great for the management information provided by case-related literature searches as for comparable information from the clinical laboratories and from diagnostic x-ray films."
Scura, G.; Davidoff, F. Case-related use of the medical literature. JAMA 1981 Jan 2; 245(1):52.

"Test cases with timely patient-care-related information retrieved from librarian-mediated MEDLINE searches demonstrated reduced economic hospital indicators, i.e., costs, charges, and lengths of stay. . . .For those health care organizations seeking to maximize the use of resources, the timely, inexpensive intervention of a librarian-mediated MEDLINE search can positively affect costs and LOS without eliminating health care access or services."
Klein, Michele S.; Ross, Faith V.; Adams, Deborah L.; and Gilbert, Carole M. Effect of online literature searching on length of stay and patient care costs. Academic Medicine 1994 June; 69(6):494.

"As a result of the information provided by the library, 80% of the 208 physicians who returned their questionnaires said that they probably or definitely handled some aspect of patient care differently than they would have handled it otherwise. Changes in the following specific aspects of care were reported by the physicians: diagnosis (29%), choice of tests (51%), choice of drugs (45%), reduced length of hospital stay (19%), and advice given to the patient (72%). Physicians also said that the information provided by the library contributed to their ability to avoid the following: hospital admission (12%), patient mortality (19%), hospital-acquired infection (8%), surgery (21%), and additional tests or procedures (49%). The physicians rated the information provided by the library more highly than that provided by other information sources such as diagnostic imaging, lab tests, and discussions with colleagues."
Marshall, Joanne G. The impact of the hospital library on clinical decision making: the Rochester study. Bulletin of the Medical Library Association 1992 April; 80(2):169.