Analgesics

Item Number: 1684   correct answer: 5  category: Analgesics
1.   A child has ingested an unknown substance and has evidence of 
respiratory depression. This symptom is usually found with poisoning 
due to:
1. amphetamines
2. atropine
3. mushrooms
4. kerosene
5. opioids

Item Number: 2534   correct answer: 3  category: Analgesics
2.   The use of methadone in the treatment of heroin addiction continues 
to be controversial.  It would therefore be advantageous to find a substance 
with the beneficial effects of methadone, but without its undesirable
characteristics.  The correct statement is that:
1. methadone is not physically addicting and therefore very useful in
   treating heroin addicts
2. the withdrawal syndrome of methadone is of shorter duration than that of
   heroin
3. propoxyphene may successfully suppress the withdrawal syndrome in
   heroin-addicted individuals
4. although propoxyphene does block heroin withdrawal, it itself is not
   physically addicting
5. propoxyphene may be successfully substituted for heroin in the addicted
   individual and abruptly discontinued after three to four weeks without
   signs of an abstinence syndrome

Item Number: 2799   correct answer: 3  category: Analgesics
3.   Chronic renal damage resulting from the ingestion of analgesics has 
been suggested.  The FALSE statement is:
1. phenacetin has been implicated
2. salicylates have been implicated
3. meperidine has been implicated
4. acetaminophen is a metabolite of phenacetin
5. combinations may be more harmful

Item Number: 3460   correct answer: 4  category: Analgesics
4.   A 20-month old infant is brought to the emergency room with fever, 
vomiting, stupor, and hyperpnea of 12 hours' duration.  His leukocyte count 
is 6,000/cu mm.  The chest roentgenogram is clear.  Urinalysis shows albuminuria, 
a positive test for reducing substance, and acetonuria.  Ferric chloride added
to the boiled acidified urine shows a persistent purple color.  The most likely 
diagnosis is:
1. acute glomerulonephritis
2. diabetic acidosis
3. acute bacterial meningitis
4. salicylate poisoning
5. phenothiazine poisoning

Item Number: 3870   correct answer: 5  category: Analgesics
5.   The gastric mucosa has the important ability to prevent movement of gastric
acid from the stomach lumen into the gastric wall. Some diseases and drug
regiments have been implicated as causes of increased gastric mucosal
permeability to hydrogen ion. Drugs which may increase gastric wall permeability 
include:
1. erythromycin
2. indomethacin
3. nitrofurantoin
4. aspirin
5. 2,4

Item Number: 3871   correct answer: 4  category: Analgesics
6.   In normal patients, the so-called gastric mucosa barrier protects the 
mucosal lining from back diffusion of hydrogen ions and subsequent destruction. 
In some patients even small changes in the gastric barrier allows back diffusion
of significant hydrogen ion and subsequent destructive action. Which of the
following pharmacologic agents have been implicated as causes of gastric
barrier breakdown?
1. caffeine
2. ethanol
3. aspirin
4. 2,3
5. All of the above

Item Number: 3907   correct answer: 5  category: Analgesics
7.   Patients with normal platelet counts and normal bleeding time may 
still bleed severely as a result of aspirin ingestion prior to a dental or 
surgical procedure. The aspirin interference with normal platelet function may 
last as long as:
1. 4 hours
2. 12 hours
3. 2 days
4. 5 days
5. 7 days

Item Number: 4099   correct answer: 3  category: Analgesics
8.   The appropriate antidote in the treatment of pentazocine overdosage is:
1. nalorphine
2. levallorphan
3. naloxone
4. Any of the above
5. None of the above







Item Number: 4587   correct answer: 4  category: Analgesics
9.   Acute hemorrhagic gastritis is one of the most frequent causes of severe 
upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It is frequently related to recent ingestion of
ethanol and/or aspirin and may be life-threatening. Bleeding secondary to aspirin 
is mainly due to:
1. inhibition of gastric prostaglandin synthesis
2. decreased renal excretion of the salicylate with attendant longer half-
   life in serum
3. back diffusion of hydrogen ions across the gastric mucosa 
4. 1,3
5. None of the above

Item Number: 4639   correct answer: 3  category: Analgesics
10.   Many stimuli may cause vomiting. The chemoreceptor trigger zone of the 
central nervous system is:
1. located in the cerebral cortex
2. stimulated in all forms of vomiting
3. stimulated by morphine and its congeners
4. All of the above
5. 1,3

Item Number: 5275   correct answer: 1  category: Analgesics
11.   A pharmacologic agent which has the potential to cause increased 
biliary tree pressure is:
1. morphine
2. warfarin
3. phenytoin
4. acetazolamide
5. carbon tetrachloride

Item Number: 6260   correct answer: 4  category: Analgesics
12.   Many commonly utilized medications are subject to abuse. Normally nontoxic
medications, if ingested in excessive amounts, may cause end-organ damage.
Analgesic nephropathy has been associated with:
1. prolonged abuse of phenacetin
2. prolonged abuse of phenacetin-aspirin combinations
3. acetaminophen derived from phenacetin
4. All of the above
5. 1,3

Item Number: 6765   correct answer: 4  category: Analgesics
13.   All of the following statements regarding acetaminophen toxicity are
true EXCEPT:
1. acetaminophen is the principal metabolic product of phenacetin
2. an overdose of 10 grams or more may produce hepatic necrosis in adults
3. acetaminophen overdose may produce transient azotemia or renal failure
4. forced diuresis may be a useful form of therapy for acetaminophen overdose
5. liver pathology is centrilobular and midzonal necrosis


Item Number: 9774   correct answer: 1  category: Analgesics
14.   Opioid analgesics are sometimes associated with the production of 
pulmonary disease. The most common pulmonary complication after oral ingestion is:
1. pulmonary edema
2. interstitial fibrosis
3. pulmonary calcification
4. bronchoconstriction
5. pleural effusion

Item Number: 6707   correct answer: 1  category: Analgesics
15.   Characteristically observed in individuals following acute overdose of
opioids.
     A. pinpoint pupils
     B. depressed respiration
     C. coma
     D. convulsions
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above

Item Number: 6708   correct answer: 2  category: Analgesics
16.   TRUE statement concerning the actions of opioids on the secretion of pituitary
hormones.
     A. suppress the secretion of luteinizing hormone and thyrotropin
     B. reduce the release of prolactin
     C. act as a stimulus for ADH secretion
     D. inhibit the secretion of ACTH
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above

Item Number: 6728   correct answer: 4  category: Analgesics
17.   The duration of analgesia is one important characteristic which differentiates
one opioid from another. Which opioid possesses the shortest duration of
analgesia?
1. morphine
2. hydromorphone
3. codeine
4. meperidine
5. methadone






Item Number: 6733   correct answer: 5  category: Analgesics
18.   Which of the following possess(es) some antagonist activity at opioid
receptors?
     A.  naloxone
     B.  pentazocine
     C.  butorphanol
     D.  nalorphine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above

Item Number: 6740   correct answer: 1  category: Analgesics
19.   TRUE statements concerning the pharmacologic properties of salicylates
include:
     A.    high dose aspirin therapy can lower the serum urate concentration
     B.   aspirin is metabolized by a combination of 1st and zero order
          kinetics
     C.   aspirin exerts its actions primarily by inhibition of
          cyclooxygenase
     D.   aspirin overdose causes significant hepatic toxicity if ingested
          in sufficient quantities
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above

Item Number: 6754   correct answer: 2  category: Analgesics
20.   The opioid expected to have the shortest duration of action following
subcutaneous administration of equianalgesic doses:
1. hydromorphone
2. meperidine
3. methadone
4. morphine
5. codeine

Item Number: 6756   correct answer: 2  category: Analgesics
21.   A patient you follow in clinic has a well-known heroin abuse problem. Drugs
which could potentially prevent an abstinence withdrawal syndrome during
hospitalization include:
     A.  morphine
     B.  nalbuphine
     C.  methadone
     D.  butorphanol
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above


Item Number: 6760   correct answer: 1  category: Analgesics
22.   TRUE statement concerning the pharmacologic effects of salicylates include:
     A.   salicylates are thought to exert their activity at least partially
          by inhibiting prostaglandin synthetase
     B.   high-dose salicylate therapy (> 5 grams/day) lowers the serum uric
          acid concentration
     C.   the effect of salicylates upon platelet aggregation is
          irreversible unlike that of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
          drugs
     D.   salicylate overdose is potentially fatal; however, prompt
          administration of acetylcysteine will avert this danger
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above

Item Number: 6990   correct answer: 5  category: Analgesics
23.   The analgesic most apt to produce dysphoria:
1. morphine
2. meperidine
3. methadone
4. codeine
5. pentazocine

Item Number: 6998   correct answer: 1  category: Analgesics
24.   Morphine's affects the eye by:
1. producing miosis through an action on the oculomotor nerve
2. producing mydriasis through an action on the sympathetic system
3. decreasing pupillary responses to light
4. directly acting on the smooth muscles of the iris
5. directly acting on extrinsic muscles of the eye

Item Number: 7004   correct answer: 3  category: Analgesics
25.   Aspirin is a nonopioid analgesic which is thought to work by inhibiting:
     A.  prostaglandin reductase
     B.  prostaglandin synthetase
     C.  thromboxane synthetase
     D.  cyclooxygenase
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above







Item Number: 7006   correct answer: 3  category: Analgesics
26.   Aspirin may be fatal if taken in sufficient quantity. The syndrome of acute
salicylate overdose in children is characterized by:
     A.  marked hypothermia secondary to an antipyretic effect
     B.  fever
     C.  peripheral edema
     D.  disturbance in acid-base and electrolyte balance
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above

Item Number: 11217   correct answer: 3  category: Analgesics
27.   Acetaminophen has been used as a safe and effective analgesic/ antipyretic
agent for over 80 years. Since it may be purchase without a prescription, it
is readily available and as such the recommended dose may be exceeded. The
primary toxicity leading to death from an acetaminophen overdose is:
1. papillary necrosis and chronic interstitial nephritis
2. pancytopenia
3. hepatocellular necrosis
4. myocarditis
5. hemolytic anemia

Item Number: 11645   correct answer: 4  category: Analgesics
28.   The pharmacologic effects of morphine include all EXCEPT:
1. behavioral changes
2. miosis
3. respiratory depression
4. diarrhea
5. postural hypotension