Autonomics
Item Number: 6875 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
1. Symptoms that might be helpful in distinguishing between 'cholinergic
crisis'(e.g., overdose with cholinesterase inhibitors) and an acute
exacerbation of myasthenia gravis include:
A. increased salivation
B. muscle fasciculations (twitching)
C. profuse sweating
D. muscle weakness
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 6834 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
2. Drug Y produces a slowing heart rate when injected intravenously into an
animal. This slowing in heart rate does not occur if the animal is
bilaterally vagotomized. Drug Y may be:
A. phenylephrine
B. levarterenol
C. methoxamine
D. isoproterenol
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2048 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
3. The rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of norepinephrine involves the
enzyme:
1. tryptophan hydroxylase
2. phenylalanine hydroxylase
3. dopamine beta-hydroxylase
4. tyrosine hydroxylase
5. tryptophan decarboxylase
Item Number: 3665 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
4. Neurotransmitters found within the central nervous system include:
A. dopamine
B. gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
C. 5-hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin)
D. norepinephrine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2069 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
5. Your pharmacology laboratory has been given a new compound for screening. It
is found to increase the heart rate but has no effect on the eye. It also
caused a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure as well as
relaxation of the bronchial muscle. This compound would be categorized as:
1. antimuscarinic
2. beta agonist
3. beta antagonist
4. alpha antagonist
5. muscarinic
Item Number: 2112 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
6. All of the following statements concerning the structure-activity
relationships of sympathomimetic amines are true EXCEPT:
1. the presence of a hydroxyl group in the 3 and 4 positions on the benzene
ring is characteristic of the "catechol" nucleus
2. resistance to monamine oxidase is conferred by alkyl substitution on the
alpha carbon of the phenylethylamine structure
3. the presence of hydroxyl groups in the 3 and 5 positions of a benzene
ring increases the specificity for beta-1 receptors in the lung
4. a large alkyl substitution on the amino group of a direct-acting
sympathomimetic increases the specificity for beta receptors
5. the absence of hydroxyl groups of the benzene ring of indirect-acting
sympathomimetic amines increases oral effectiveness
Item Number: 2096 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
7. Recent investigation has demonstrated the existence of both presynaptic alpha
receptors (à2) and postsynaptic alpha receptors (à1). All of the following
statements concerning these alpha receptors are true EXCEPT:
1. clonidine is an à2 selective agonist
2. methoxamine and phenylephrine are à2 selective agonists
3. prazosin and phenoxybenzamine are à1 selective antagonists
4. phentolamine is a nonselective alpha antagonist
5. epinephrine and norepinephrine are nonselective alpha agonists
Item Number: 2127 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
8. All of the following statements concerning physostigmine and neostigmine are
true EXCEPT:
1. physostigmine and neostigmine are classified as reversible
cholinesterase inhibitors
2. neostigmine stimulates nicotinic receptors at ganglia and neuromuscular
junctions unlike physostigmine
3. physostigmine is well absorbed orally
4. a major problem encountered with neostigmine is the unpleasant central
nervous system effects which result from its administration
5. physostigmine is a tertiary amine and is able to penetrate the central
nervous system
Item Number: 2120 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
9. All of the following statements are true concerning effects of intravenous
infusion of norepinephrine at 10 UG/Min EXCEPT:
1. an increase in pulse rate
2. an increase in pulse pressure
3. a marked increase in peripheral resistance
4. an increase in systolic blood pressure
5. an increase in diastolic blood pressure
Item Number: 2134 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
10. Your pharmacology laboratory has been given an unknown compound for screening.
It is found to contract the sphincter muscle of the eye, decrease the heart
rate, increase bronchial gland secretions and causes sweating. You would
classify this compound as (an):
1. antimuscarinic
2. alpha agonist
3. alpha antagonist
4. beta antagonist
5. muscarinic
Item Number: 2125 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
11. True statements concerning the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches of the
autonomic nervous system include:
1. parasympathetic branch predominates under normal physiologic conditions
while the sympathetic branch predominates during stressful episodes
2. acetylcholine is the chemical mediator at the ganglia of both branches
and causes stimulation of nicotinic receptors postsynaptically
3. the adrenal medulla acts as a postganglionic sympathetic neuron and
produces norepinephrine which travels via the bloodstream to stimulate
alpha, beta-1 and beta-1 receptors
4. 1,2
5. 1,3
Item Number: 2397 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
12. Which of the following statements is (are) correct concerning adrenergic
drugs?
A. at beta-1 receptors, isoproterenol is more potent than
epinephrine, which is equipotent with norepinephrine
B. at alpha-1 receptors, epinephrine is less potent than
norepinephrine, which in turn is much more potent than
isoproterenol
C. at alpha-1 receptors, epinephrine is equal to or more potent than
norepinephrine, which in turn is much more potent than
isoproterenol
D. at beta-2 receptors, isoproterenol is equal to or more potent than
epinephrine, which is much less potent than norepinephrine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2184 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
13. All of the following statements concerning catecholamine biosynthesis
are true EXCEPT:
1. all of the enzymes involved with catecholamine biosynthesis are highly
specific for each substance
2. tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine
biosynthesis
3. the level of glucocorticoid influences the concentration of
phenyl-n-methyltransferase and hence the conversion of norepinephrine to
epinephrine
4. the conversion of tyrosine to dopa and dopa to dopamine occurs in the
cytoplasm of the adrenergic nerve terminal
5. the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine via dopamine
beta-hydroxylase tales place within the granule of the adrenergic nerve
terminal
Item Number: 2213 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
14. Which of the following statements concerning the nerve action potential is
(are) correct?
A. an inhibitory neurotransmitter causes a selective decrease in
permeability to potassium and chloride resulting in
hyperpolarization (IPSP)
B. an excitatory neurotransmitter causes a selective increase in
permeability to all types of ions resulting in an excitatory
postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
C. conduction of the action potential refers to passage of an impulse
along an axon or muscle fiber
D. an inhibitory neurotransmitter causes a selective increase in
permeability to potassium and chloride resulting in
hyperpolarization (IPSP)
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. B,C,D
5. D only
Item Number: 2193 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
15. Your pharmacology laboratory has received a new compound for screening.
Initial experimentation with the compound yields the following findings: It
causes contraction of the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder, contraction
of the sphincter muscle of the iris, and secretion of lacrimal glands. With
this information you might initially classify the compound as a(an):
1. alpha agonist
2. muscarinic agonist
3. beta agonist
4. anticholinergic
5. alpha antagonist
Item Number: 2221 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
16. Respiratory effects of epinephrine include all of the following EXCEPT:
1. relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
2. inhibition of antigen-induced release of histamine
3. potent central nervous system stimulation
4. increase in respiratory rate and tidal volume
5. constriction of pulmonary vessels when administered as an aerosol
Item Number: 2215 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
17. Correct statements concerning receptor location include:
A. nicotine (N1) receptors have been found to occur at autonomic
ganglion cells
B. alpha adrenergic receptors have been found to exist on presynaptic
terminals (à1) in addition to other locations such as blood
platelets
C. beta adrenergic receptors have been found in the heart ( 1) and in
other sites ( 2)
D. muscarinic receptors have been localized to the autonomic effector
cells of the sympathetic nervous system
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2240 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
18. All of the following drugs are examples of direct acting beta agonists EXCEPT:
1. phenylephrine
2. metaproterenol
3. isoetharine
4. albuterol
5. terbutaline
Item Number: 2227 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
19. Which of the following statements concerning the intravenous administration of
catecholamines is (are) true?
A. isoproterenol causes a decrease in peripheral resistance and A
significant increase in pulse rate
B. norepinephrine causes an increase in pulse rate and peripheral
resistance
C. epinephrine causes an increase in pulse rate and a decrease in
peripheral resistance
D. norepinephrine causes an increase in systolic blood pressure and a
decrease in diastolic pressure
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2978 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
20. Preterm labor can be terminated by the use of drugs which cause relaxation of
uterine smooth muscle. Drugs which have been used for this purpose include:
A. fenoterol
B. ritodrine
C. terbutaline
D. metoprolol
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 3747 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
21. Which of the following statements are true concerning the autonomic nervous
system?
A. the principle neurotransmitter of the sans is norepinephrine
B. the PANS is characterized by long preganglionic and short
postganglionic fibers
C. the principle neurotransmitter of the pans is acetylcholine
D. acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter that stimulates the adrenal
gland to release catecholamine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 3091 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
22. Your pharmacology laboratory has a new compound for screening. It is found to
cause tachycardia, mydriasis, urinary retention and cycloplegia. You would
classify this agent as a(an):
1. alpha agonist
2. ganglionic blocker
3. beta-1 agonist
4. nicotinic agonist
5. muscarinic agonist
Item Number: 3879 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
23. The most important mechanism for terminating the activity of released
norepinephrine from the presynaptic terminal is:
1. uptake-2
2. enzymatic destruction
3. diffusion into the systemic circulation
4. uptake-1
5. presynaptic receptor stimulation
Item Number: 3964 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
24. A pharmacology laboratory is given a new compound for screening. This drug
causes mydriasis and bradycardia, and causes pain and difficulty in
micturition. You would classify this compound as a(an):
1. alpha agonist
2. anticholinergic
3. muscarinic agonist
4. beta blocker
5. nicotinic antagonist
Item Number: 3980 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
25. All of the following drugs are examples of direct acting alpha agonists
EXCEPT:
A. phenylephrine
B. metaraminol
C. methoxamine
D. metaproterenol
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 3981 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
26. A patient with a history of thioridazine ingestion enters the emergency room
exhibiting the following signs: delirium, mydriasis, tachycardia and dry skin.
A drug which could help you confirm the patient's ingestion is:
1. phenylephrine
2. naloxone
3. physostigmine
4. edrophonium
5. neostigmine
Item Number: 4010 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
27. Your pharmacology laboratory has received a new alpha agonist for screening.
Which of the following effects would you expect to see if you initially
administer atropine followed by the alpha agonist?
A. mydriasis
B. bradycardia
C. urinary retention
D. salivation
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 4037 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
28. Which of the following statements concerning the mechanisms of action of
autonomic drugs is (are) true?
A. atropine effectively antagonizes the action of acetylcholine at
muscarinic and nicotinic sites
B. quaternary anticholinesterase inhibitors exert both indirect and
direct effects at nicotinic sites
C. ganglionic blocking agents are not widely used today principally
because of the multiple CNS toxicities
D. alpha agonists are thought to stimulate the recently discovered
alpha receptors which have been subdivided into two populations:
alpha-1 (postsynaptic) and alpha-2 (presynaptic)
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 4046 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
29. Which of the following statements accurately describe the concept "transmitter
economy"?
A. transmitter economy refers to the reuptake of released
catecholamine for subsequent reutilization in neurotransmission
B. transmitter economy refers to the reuptake of choline in the
synaptic cleft for reutilization in acetylcholine synthesis
C. transmitter economy refers to a process which helps to conserve
synaptic supplies of norepinephrine
D. transmitter economy is a process coined by Alexander Regan which
ascribes receptor down regulation to supply side economics
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 4052 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
30. Which of the following statements are true?
A. terbutaline is relatively specific for Beta-2 receptors and is
used as a bronchodilator
B. guanethidine blocks responses to indirect acting sympathomimetic
amines and potentiates they actions of exogenous epinephrine by
inhibiting neuronal uptake
C. MAO (monoamine oxidase) is the enzyme which catalyzes the
oxidative deamination of catecholamines to form aldehyde
derivatives
D. yohimbine is an ergot alkaloid which has beta blocking activity
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 3481 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
31. Correct statements concerning physostigmine and neostigmine include:
A. physostigmine and neostigmine are both classified as reversible
cholinesterase inhibitors
B. physostigmine, unlike neostigmine, is thought to exert a direct
stimulatory effect at nicotinic receptors
C. physostigmine is classified as a tertiary amine whereas
neostigmine is a quaternary salt
D. neostigmine should be used in place of physostigmine for reversal
of central anticholinergic toxicity
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2943 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
32. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
A. the veins are predominantly under sympathetic control
B. the heart is predominantly under sympathetic control
C. the urinary bladder is predominantly under parasympathetic control
D. the arterioles are predominantly under parasympathetic control
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All are correct
Item Number: 6551 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
33. Correct statements regarding the D-2 receptor include:
A. the ergot alkaloids act as agonists at the receptor
B. the D-2 Receptor is generally less sensitive to dopamine agonists
than is the D-1 receptor
C. metoclopramide is felt to be a selective antagonist at the D-2
receptor
D. the prototype location for the D-2 receptor is the parathyroid
gland
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2287 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
34. All of the following classes of drugs can demonstrate anticholinergic side
effects EXCEPT:
1. tricyclic antidepressants
2. antihistamines
3. phenothiazines
4. anticonvulsants
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2266 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
35. Which of the following statements concerning anticholinesterases is (are)
true?
A. pyridostigmine is a quaternary compound which is administered
orally for the treatment of myasthenia gravis
B. they act as "decurarizing drugs and will reverse the antagonism of
competitive neuromuscular blocking agents
C. physostigmine is a tertiary compound which is regarded as the
anticholinesterase of choice for reversal of CNS anticholinergic
toxicity
D. unlike the tertiary anticholinesterases, quaternary compounds have
direct agonist effects at the neuromuscular junction
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2310 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
36. Potential sites for cholinergic synapses include:
A. autonomic effector sites, innervated by postganglionic
parasympathetic fibers
B. sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglion cells, and the adrenal
medulla
C. motor end-plates on skeletal muscles
D. certain synapses within the central nervous system
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2289 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
37. Your pharmacology laboratory has received a compound for testing purposes.
Initial experimentation with the compound yields the following observations:
It causes contraction of the radial muscle of the iris, constriction of the
arterioles of the skin and mucosa, and hyperglycemia. You would classify this
compound as a(an):
1. anticholinergic
2. beta blocker
3. alpha agonist
4. muscarinic
5. antimuscarinic
Item Number: 2322 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
38. The rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis is:
1. aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase
2. dopamine-beta-hydroxylase
3. tryptophan hydroxylase
4. phenylalanine hydroxylase
5. None of the above
Item Number: 2317 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
39. Drugs which have no nicotinic activity, and are resistant to the activity of
acetylcholinesterase include:
A. acetylcholine
B. methacholine
C. carbachol
D. bethanechol
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2389 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
40. Examples of pharmacologic effects of ganglionic blocking drugs include:
A. cycloplegia
B. vasodilatation, increased peripheral blood flow; hypotension
C. anhidrosis
D. bradycardia
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2337 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
41. Correct statements regarding the anticholinergic drugs, atropine and
scopolamine, include:
A. scopolamine has a more potent action on the iris, ciliary body,
and certain secretory glands (salivary, bronchial, and sweat)
B. scopolamine does not depress the central nervous system in doses
that are used clinically and therefore is given in preference to
atropine for most purposes
C. atropine is more potent than scopolamine on the heart, intestine
and bronchial muscle
D. scopolamine has a longer duration of action that atropine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. None of the above
Item Number: 2430 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
42. Which of the following metabolic effects are observed following epinephrine
administration?
A. decrease in uptake of glucose by peripheral tissues
B. increase in free fatty acids via activation of triglyceride lipase
C. transient increase in serum potassium due to release of the ion
from the liver
D. inhibition of insulin secretion via stimulation of beta receptors
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B only
4. B,D
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2438 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
43. Correct statements regarding the pharmacological actions of anticholinergics
include:
A. gastric secretion is greatly altered by conventional doses of
belladonna alkaloids
B. full therapeutic doses of atropine sulfate produce definite and
prolonged inhibitory effects on the motor activity of the stomach,
duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon
C. anticholinergic doses needed to produce inhibition of
gastrointestinal motor activity are sufficient to depress salivary
secretion and usually produce ocular and cardiac effects
D. atropine reduces the secretion of pancreatic juice and bile
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. A,D
4. B and C
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2436 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
44. All of the following statements regarding cholinergic blockage are true
EXCEPT:
1. muscarinic actions of all parasympathomimetic drugs are blocked
selectively by atropine, through competitive occupation of cholinergic
receptors
2. epinephrine and other sympathomimetic amines antagonize most muscarinic
effects at sites where adrenergic and cholinergic impulses produce
opposing effects
3. nicotinic effects of acetylcholine and its derivatives at autonomic
ganglia are blocked by hexamethonium
4. nicotinic effects of acetylcholine and its derivatives at the
neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle are antagonized by D-
tubocurarine
5. muscarinic effects of acetylcholine and its derivatives at autonomic
ganglia are blocked by hexamethonium
Item Number: 2489 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
45. Which of the following regulatory agents or conditions would be expected to
cause a decrease in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors?
A. propranolol
B. guanethidine
C. alcohol withdrawal
D. beta-adrenergic agonists
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2482 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
46. Which of the following statements regarding the central noradrenergic
neuron is (are) true?
A. alpha-methyl tyrosine can block the tyrosine hydroxylase reaction
in catecholamine biosynthesis via competitive inhibition
B. tetrabenazine and reserpine both interfere with the uptake storage
mechanism of the noradrenergic neuron; however the tetrabenazine
effects do not appear to be irreversible
C. norepinephrine has its action terminated principally by reuptake
into the presynaptic neuron
D. norepinephrine and dopamine present in a free state with the
presynaptic terminal can be degraded by COMT, which appears to be
located in the outer membrane of the mitochondria
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2538 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
47. All of the following drugs are classified as indirect or mixed acting agents
EXCEPT:
A. ephedrine
B. dopamine
C. amphetamine
D. dobutamine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. None of the above; all are correct
Item Number: 2633 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
48. Ganglionic blockade would be expected to give rise to all of the following
EXCEPT:
1. arteriolar vasodilation, increased peripheral flow and hypotension
2. venodilation, pooling of blood, decreased venous return, and decreased
cardiac output
3. reduced gastrointestinal tone and motility; constipation
4. bradycardia
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2631 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
49. All of the following statements concerning the effects of anticholinesterase
agents are true EXCEPT:
1. when applied topically to the anti-cholinesterase agents cause
conjunctival hyperemia, miosis, and constriction of the ciliary muscle
2. enhancement of gastric contractions and increased secretion of gastric
acid from parietal cells
3. augmentation of secretory function in bronchial, lacrimal, sweat,
salivary, gastric, and intestinal glands
4. increase the effective refractory period of cardiac muscle and decrease
the conduction time in conducting tissue
5. stimulation followed by depression or paralysis, of all autonomic
ganglia and skeletal muscle (nicotinic action)
Item Number: 2634 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
50. The passage of impulses at autonomic ganglia can be influenced by drugs
that act to:
1. interfere with the storage of synthesis of the transmitter (e.g.,
hemicholinium)
2. prevent the liberation of acetylcholine from the preganglionic nerve
endings (e.g., botulinus toxin)
3. inactivate ganglionic cholinesterases (e.g., physostigmine)
4. either mimic or prevent the interaction between acetylcholine and its
ganglionic (nicotinic) cholinergic receptor sites
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2645 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
51. Neurotransmitters found within the central nervous system include all of the
following EXCEPT:
1. 5-hydroxytryptamine
2. glutamate
3. GABA
4. dopamine
5. isoproterenol
Item Number: 2658 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
52. Manifestations of ganglionic blockade include:
A. mydriasis
B. urinary retention
C. tachycardia
D. decreased venous return
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2715 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
53. All of the following drugs act on beta-adrenergic receptors EXCEPT:
A. metaproterenol
B. isoetharine
C. terbutaline
D. bethanechol
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2681 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
54. Which of the following drugs has no nicotinic activity?
A. methacholine
B. pilocarpine
C. carbachol
D. bethanechol
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. None of the above
Item Number: 2717 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
55. The drug which would be most effective in reversing the central manifestations
of anticholinergic toxicity is:
1. edrophonium
2. pyridostigmine
3. neostigmine
4. physostigmine
5. scopolamine
Item Number: 2716 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
56. Direct acting cholinergic agonists include:
A. physostigmine
B. muscarine
C. propantheline
D. pilocarpine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2719 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
57. Which of the following drugs is an antagonist at nicotinic (N1)
receptors?
1. atropine
2. curare
3. scopolamine
4. hexamethonium
5. neostigmine
Item Number: 2718 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
58. Which of the following drug classes do not demonstrate anticholinergic
effects?
A. phenothiazines
B. antiarrhythmics
C. antihistamines
D. tricyclic antidepressants
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. None of the above
Item Number: 2947 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
59. Which of the following drugs is classified as a selective alpha-1 agonist?
1. prazosin
2. norepinephrine
3. phenylephrine
4. phenoxybenzamine
5. epinephrine
Item Number: 2962 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
60. The activity of norepinephrine released at the synaptic cleft is terminated
principally by which of the following processes?
1. uptake-1
2. uptake-2
3. removal by the bloodstream
4. stimulation of presynaptic autoreceptors
5. enzymatic destruction within the synaptic cleft
Item Number: 2954 correct answer: 1 category: Autonomics
61. Your pharmacology laboratory is given a new compound for screening. It is
found to increase heart rate, reduce blood pressure and reduce uterine
contractility. You would classify this agent as:
1. beta agonist
2. muscarinic agonist
3. nicotinic agonist
4. alpha antagonist
5. antimuscarinic
Item Number: 2977 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
62. Drugs which exert their effects (either agonist or antagonist) on presynaptic
alpha receptors (alpha-2) include:
A. phenylephrine
B. clonidine
C. prazosin
D. yohimbine
1. A,B,C
2. A,B
3. A,C
4. B,D
5. C,D
Item Number: 2972 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
63. Nicotinic receptors are situated at which of the following locations?
A. adrenal gland
B. neuromuscular junction
C. central nervous system
D. autonomic ganglia
1. A,B,C
2. A,B
3. A,C
4. B,D
5. All of the above
Item Number: 3129 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
64. Drugs contraindicated in the management of patients with asthma include all of
the following EXCEPT:
1. physostigmine
2. bethanechol
3. propranolol
4. atropine
5. methacholine
Item Number: 2670 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
65. All of the following statements concerning the cholinergic and adrenergic
receptors are true EXCEPT:
A. nicotinic (N2) receptors are found at the neuromuscular junction
B. nicotinic (N1) receptors are found at the autonomic ganglia
C. beta-1 receptors are found chiefly at cardiac sites and beta-2
receptors are found in smooth muscle and gland cells
D. alpha-1 receptors are localized to presynaptic terminals whereas
alpha-2 receptors are found at postsynaptic sites
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 3821 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
66. Pharmacologic effects of ganglionic blocking drugs include:
A. cycloplegia
B. sweating
C. vasodilation, hypotension, increased peripheral blood flow
D. bradycardia
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2152 correct answer: 4 category: Autonomics
67. Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter at which of the following cholinergic
receptor sites?
1. nicotinic
2. neuromuscular
3. nonnicotinic ganglionic
4. All of the above
5. 1,2
Item Number: 2161 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
68. Prevertebral ganglia include:
1. superior cervical
2. superior mesenteric
3. celiac
4. 1,2
5. 2,3
Item Number: 6562 correct answer: 3 category: Autonomics
69. Monamine oxidase and catechol-o-methyltransferase are the true important
enzymes in the initial steps of catecholamine metabolism. The principal
resulting metabolites include:
A. 5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid)
B. VMA (vanillylmandelic acid)
C. SKP (SKP-2-NXT-SER)
D. MHPG (3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenylglycol)
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2654 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
70. Examples of indirect-acting sympathomimetics include:
A. amphetamine
B. methoxamine
C. hydroxyamphetamine
D. phenylephrine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the above
Item Number: 2141 correct answer: 5 category: Autonomics
71. An unknown compound causes miosis, drowsiness and mental clouding, respiratory
depression, nausea and constipation. You would classify this compound as:
1. antimuscarinic
2. muscarinic
3. alpha agonist
4. alpha antagonist
5. None of the above
Item Number: 3689 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
72. Your basement pharmacology laboratory correctly identified an unknown compound
several years ago. This compound caused an increase in heart rate, reduction
in mean blood pressure and relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle. This
compound is marketed today under the names of:
1. propranolol
2. isoproterenol
3. trimethaphan
4. phenylephrine
5. bethanechol
Item Number: 2785 correct answer: 2 category: Autonomics
73. Your pharmacology laboratory has been given a new compound for screening. It
is found to increase heart rate, dilate the pupil, reduce glandular secretions
and decrease gastrointestinal motility. You would classify this compound as
a(an):
1. alpha agonist
2. antimuscarinic
3. beta agonist
4. parasympathomimetic
5. beta agonist
Send comments to willoughby@cctr.umkc.edu.